Meteorological Cooperative of the Republic

Weather, climate, seismicity, landslide and flood · mandate held under the organic law on observation and warning

Meteorological Cooperative › Observing network

The observing network

Every figure the cooperative publishes originates at a station. The network has 2,410 reporting instruments across twelve classes, from the surface synoptic stations that have reported since 1901 to the slope extensometers installed for REP-LEW in 2024. The principal stations are listed below with what each measures and how often it reports.

Reporting instruments2,410 across twelve classes
Longest continuous recordLindoma surface station, since 1901
Seismic stations86 broadband, 210 strong motion, densest on the Belvacius margin
RadarFour sites; coverage gaps stated below
ArchiveEvery observation retained, including those rejected by quality control
AccessFree of charge, without registration; the same feed the cooperative uses internally

Classes of station

The network by class
Class Count Reports Feeds
Surface synoptic 148 Every 10 min Forecast, climate record, verification
Automatic rainfall 1,347 Every 10 min REP-FEW, REP-LEW, climate record
Upper air 3 Twice daily Assimilation
Weather radar 4 Every 5 min Nowcast, REP-FEW flash limb
Broadband seismic 86 Continuous REP-KJS, the catalogue
Strong motion 210 Continuous REP-KJS intensity, hazard maps
River stage 312 Every 15 min REP-FEW riverine limb
Tide gauge 9 Every minute REP-FEW surge limb, sea level record
Soil moisture 41 Every 15 min REP-LEW, REP-FEW, drought assessment
Slope monitoring 214 5 min to hourly REP-LEW probing limb
Flux and concentration 10 Continuous Emissions inventory, sink measurement
Coastal monitoring 26 Daily Water quality, salinity, sediment, sea level record

Principal stations

The table lists the stations of record. Smaller automatic instruments, of which there are some two thousand, appear in the published dataset with the same fields.

38 stations

Principal stations of the network
Station Sub-region Class Measures Reports Since
Lindoma Lindoma Surface synoptic Pressure, temperature, humidity, wind, rainfall, sunshine, visibility 10 min 1901
Lindoma upper air Lindoma Upper air Radiosonde profile to 25 km Twice daily 1948
Sederna radar Lindoma Weather radar Reflectivity and doppler wind, 240 km range 5 min 1994
Lindoma harbour Lindoma Tide gauge Sea level, surge residual 1 min 1912
Torvena Kelvaqui Surface synoptic Full synoptic suite; the wettest station of record 10 min 1923
Kelvaqui moor Kelvaqui Flux tower Carbon dioxide and methane exchange over blanket peat Continuous 2003
Merrisoma bay Merrisoma Tide gauge Sea level; the most surge-exposed gauge in the Republic 1 min 1931
Maravel headland Merrisoma Surface synoptic Full suite; holds the gust record of 47 m/s from 1962 10 min 1919
Merrisoma marsh Merrisoma Coastal monitoring Water quality, salinity, sediment, wintering bird counts Daily 1977
Calmena Tessilius Surface synoptic Full suite 10 min 1928
Calmena weir Tessilius River stage Stage and discharge 15 min 1954
Ferrista Vandorum Surface synoptic Full suite, snow depth, soil temperature 10 min 1908
Ferrista upper air Vandorum Upper air Radiosonde profile to 25 km Twice daily 1961
Vandorum east face Vandorum Slope monitoring Inclinometer, piezometer, extensometer; the 1954 slide scar 5 min 2024
Ferrista mine Vandorum Broadband seismic Three-component velocity; identifies induced events at the workings Continuous 1971
Ossira Corvaluri Surface synoptic Full suite 10 min 1936
Durorilaqui Durorilaqui Surface synoptic Full suite, soil moisture at four depths, evapotranspiration 10 min 1905
Durorilaqui plain Durorilaqui Flux tower Carbon and nitrous oxide exchange over arable ground Continuous 2008
Venasca Ombraqui Surface synoptic Full suite; the warmest and sunniest station of record 10 min 1911
Sarnova Aspreduson Surface synoptic Full suite 10 min 1940
Leriduson Leriduson Surface synoptic Full suite 10 min 1907
Leriduson radar Leriduson Weather radar Reflectivity and doppler wind, 240 km range 5 min 1998
Prevessa Anselaqui Surface synoptic Full suite 10 min 1933
Ilvara reservoirs Thurioma River stage Stage, discharge and reservoir level on both sides of the divide 15 min 1962
Ilvara Thurioma Broadband seismic Three-component velocity; monitors reservoir-induced events Continuous 1978
Solvena Quintorum Surface synoptic Full suite, soil moisture, evapotranspiration; the driest station of record 10 min 1904
Solvena upper air Quintorum Upper air Radiosonde profile to 25 km Twice daily 1955
Marendo coastal Ravelluri Coastal monitoring Lagoon temperature, salinity, oxygen, seagrass and weed survey, dune crest Continuous 1969
Marendo Ravelluri Tide gauge Sea level; 3.9 mm a year over the last three decades 1 min 1948
Tavrino reach Marnaqui River stage Stage, discharge and continuous water quality below the chemical works 15 min 1966
Cortius Cortius Surface synoptic Full suite 10 min 1902
Cortius radar Cortius Weather radar Reflectivity and doppler wind, 240 km range 5 min 1991
Cortius cliff Cortius Slope monitoring Extensometer and tilt on the undercut cliff above the harbour 5 min 2024
Corcina Belvacius Broadband seismic Three-component velocity and strong motion; the reference station of the margin Continuous 1962
Belvacius ridge Belvacius Surface synoptic Full suite, wind at 10 m and 100 m 10 min 1996
Sornorum radar Sornorum Weather radar Reflectivity and doppler wind, 240 km range; installed after the 2017 floods 5 min 2019
Sornorum town Sornorum River stage Stage on three watercourses and surcharge in the urban drainage 15 min 2019
Lutoliluri Sornorum Tide gauge Sea level, surge residual 1 min 1938

Gaps in coverage

Where coverage is thin

Four radar sites leave three areas with coarse rainfall detail: the interior of Halvorum, western Aspreduson, and the upper Vandorum valleys. Flash flood warning in those places depends on rain gauges reporting rain that has already fallen, which shortens the notice available.

Roughly 3,400 km of watercourse is ungauged, mostly small upland streams. Stage there is inferred from the catchment model with no observation to correct it.

Seismic station spacing is 12 km on the Belvacius margin and 60 km in the western sub-regions. Detection of a western event is therefore slower, which matters little, since the western sub-regions produce almost no seismicity.

Two upper-air stations were closed in the 1990s, at Maravel and Cortius, and the record from both ends at that point. Proposals to reopen the Cortius station appear in each of the last three plan rounds.

The archive

Every observation is retained, including observations rejected by quality control, since a rejection is itself a datum about the station. Metadata for every station records each move, screen change and instrument change, so a user may reconstruct the correction applied to any series and work from the raw values where the correction is disputed.

The whole archive is published without charge and without registration. It is the same feed the cooperative uses internally, in the same format, with no reduced public version.

See also