Cassation

The regional court decides finally. Cassation opens on three grounds and on no others.

Article 198(3): the regional court decides finally, except for cassation to the National Court under Article 200(2).

Article 200(2): the Court hears cassation upon a question of law, upon a divergence between regional courts, and upon a manifest breach of procedure.

Article 200(3): its judgments in cassation bind the court to which the case is remitted.

Matters not reopened in cassation

Every judgment carries an appeal to the regional court on the facts and on the law, and that appeal is where the facts are decided. Cassation examines the law applied to the facts as the regional court found them, and it reopens no finding of fact.

A judgment quashed in cassation is remitted, and the court to which it is remitted is bound by the judgment of the Court on the point of law.

Register of appeals

Matter

Outcome

Appeals in cassation, year to date. Columns may be sorted.
Date	Matter	Ground	Outcome	Disposition
14 July 2026	Labour	Question of law	Admitted	Remitted to the Eastern regional court
30 June 2026	Cooperative	Divergence	Admitted	Ruling published, binding every court
11 June 2026	Criminal	Manifest breach of procedure	Admitted	Judgment quashed, case remitted
22 May 2026	Civil	Question of law	Refused	No question of law disclosed. Reasons published.
19 April 2026	Administrative	Question of law	Admitted	Remitted to the Western regional court
8 March 2026	Ecological	Divergence	Admitted	Referred to the Constitutional Chamber under Article 195
14 February 2026	Civil	Manifest breach of procedure	Refused	Procedure regular. Reasons published.

A refusal states reasons

Judges decide within the periods fixed by law and state reasons. A refusal of cassation states which ground was invoked and why it was not made out, and the reasons are published with the decision. Two of the seven appeals above were refused.

Where a constitutional question arises

Questions of conformity with this Constitution are removed from the Court. Article 195 requires a reference to the Constitutional Chamber, and the case waits for the answer. One appeal of the current year took that route in March 2026.

The limits of the Court in full

Cost

Every person has access to a prompt, effective and free remedy. Article 231(4) governs costs before the Constitutional Court, and Article 19(3) excludes fees, security for costs and adverse costs orders in ecological actions, except where a court finds an action vexatious.